8, 9 New anticancer drugs do not directly target the DNA biosynthesis, but mainly affect the signals, which regulate the cell cycle. 7 It is expected that the number of new cancer patients to be approximately 14 million by 2030. 5, 6 Cancer is caused by irregular and uncontrolled growth of cells, which leads to the destruction of tissue. 4 Research shows that anastrozole among other drugs can be used effectively after surgery in hormone-dependent advanced breast cancer patients. They are an effective second-line therapy since its mode of action is different from first line treatment options such as tamoxifen which blocks estrogen activity at the receptor level. 4 Aromatase inhibitors are well tolerated by patients and additionally are highly selective for the aromatase enzyme. 3 They also inhibit the production of estrogen through reversible binding to the aromatase enzyme heme-iron component. 2 They inhibit estrogen synthesis through reversible aromatase enzyme competition. The second type is referred to as a non-steroidal inhibitors (for example, anastrozole). 3 This type is known as an irreversible steroidal inhibitors. 2 The first type produces a permanent bond with the aromatase enzyme, which leads to permanent inactivation of the enzyme. There are 2 main types of aromatase inhibitors, which are known to block aromatase action, which consequently results in a reduced estrogen production. 1 The inhibitor suppresses the activity of aromatase enzymes, which is responsible for the production of estrogen from androgens under normal circumstances. Aromatase inhibitors play an important role in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer therapy in postmenopausal women.
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